Background Marginal Distribution Three ways to sample from P Draw (x,y) Draw y according to its marginal distribution, then x according to the conditional distribution of x | y Draw X according to its marginal distribution, then Y according to the conditional distribution of y | x Define: $\mu$: distribution on $X$ $\eta$: conditional distribution y|x Classifier Normal Classifier $h : x \rightarrow y$ $R(h) = Pr_{(x,y) \in p} (h(x) \neq y)$, where R = risk……

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